Chapter
- 4
OPPOSITION TO BRITISH RULE IN KARNATAKA AND WODIYARS
OF MYSORE
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers
1. The First Anglo-Mysore war took place between …………………..and
………………..(Hyder Ali,
British)
2. The Second Anglo-Mysore war ended with ……………………treaty. (Manglore)
3. Raja wodiyar made ................ as his capital. (Srirangapattanam)
4. Kittur Chennamma adopted a boy named ………………………….(Shivalingappa)
5. Rayanna of Kittur state belonged to ………………………..village.(Sangoli)
6. Surapura is in the present district of ……………………..(Yadgir)
7. The Bedas of ………………………..village of Belgaum district rebelled
against the British.(Halagali)
8. The Amara Sulya rebellion was basically a …………rebellion.(Farmer’s)
II. Discuss in groups and answer later
1.
What are the achievements
of Chikkadevaraja wodiyar ?
Ans: i. He was an efficient soldier and administator.
ii. He checked the invasion of Shivaji at Madurai, Ikkeri and
Bijapur.
iii. He captured Magadi, Madhugiri, Koratagere and other places.
iv. He purchased Bangalore
from the Moghul military general.
v. He had the titles like Karnataka Kavichakravarthi, Aprathima
veera, Thenkanaraja and Navakoti Narayana.
vi. He started the council of ministers (Athara Kacheri) to help
in administration.
vii. The postal system came
into being during his time.
viii. A dam was constructed across river cauvery and Chikka
Devaraja and Dodda Devaraja Canal were also constructed for irrigation.
ix. He had Patronised many poets like Thirumalarya, Sanchi
Honnamma and so on.
2.
How did Hyder Ali come to
power?
Ans: i. The death of Chikkadevaraj Wodiyar in 1704 created various
political challenges in Mysuru state.
ii. His death created the problems of succession and
administration.
iii. All these developments clouded the politics of Mysuru. Hyder
Ali gained prominence in this scenario of uncertainity that clouded over the
Mysuru and carnatic region.
iv. Hyder Ali soon became
popular in using arms and experiments.
v. He undertook the invasion of the forces by active military
operations and suppressed Dalvoys.
vi. He imprisoned Krishna Raja Wodiyar II and kept him under house
arrest and took over the power.
vii. He became famous as Nawab Hyder Ali in a short time.
3.
What are the effects of
Second Anglo-Mysore war?
Ans: i. In 1781 Hyder Ali was defeated in a battle held in Porto
Nova by the British.
ii. the British suffered financial setbacks in Pulicat and
Solingur.
iii. Meanwhile, by entering into the ‘Salbai Agreement’, the
British were successful in winning over the Marathas and the Nizam of Hyderabad
to their side.
iv. Hyder Ali died due to
illness during the war in 1782.
v. The war was led by his son Tippu Sultan.
4.
What were the conditions
of Srirangapatanam treaty?
Ans: i. The British were successful in inserting unfavourable
conditions in order to weaken Tippu Sultan.
ii. Tippu was forced to
part with half of his kingdom, was forced to pay three crore rupees as war
damage fee and had to pledge two of his sons as a guarantee against the
payment.
iii. He was also forced to release the prisoners of war.
iv. The British withdrew the combined army from Srirangapatanam.
5.
The Fourth Anglo Mysore
strengthened the position of the British in Mysore. Discuss.
Ans: i. The war started in 1799. The British were able to destroy
the strong fort.
ii. Tippu died while
fighting the British in 1799.
iii. With the death of Tippu Sultan, the British were happy as if
the whole India came under their rule.
iv. Most of the territories under Tippu’s rule was shared among
the British, the Marathas and the Nizam of Hyderabad.
v. A small territory was
handed over to the royal representative of Mysore Wodiyars.
vi. This region came to be known as Mysore Princely State.
6. What are the achievement of Krishnaraja wodiyar IV?
Ans: i. Krishnaraja wodiyar
IV was very much interested in spreading education among his people.
ii. He abolished fees in all primary schools to develop primary
education.
iii. He helped girls
education. He started the University of Mysore and also started scholarship to
the students continuing education in foreign countries.
iv. In 1905 the Indian
Institute of Science was established at Bangalore with the help of Tata.
v. Special attention was given to the development of Irrigation.
vi. A barrage was constructed across Cauvery near Belagola.
vii. New railway lines were laid. Many small and large scale
industries were started.
viii. Among them the Iron and Steel Factory, Cement Factory, Paper
mills at Bhadravathi, Sugar Factory at Mandya. Sandal oil factory at Mysore,
Soap factory at Bangalore.
ix. Chemical and Fertilisers factory at Belagola and so on.
x. Legislative council was formed which was a great step in the
Legislative measures.
7. Explain the method of resisting the British power by Dondiya Wagh.
Ans: i. Dondiya was born in a Maratha family of Chennagiri.
ii. He was called the Wagh, the tiger, due to his bravery.
iii. In 1789 he started his career as a cavalry soldier in Hyder
Ali’s army and grew to the position of a military general.
iv. He built his own
private army and fought along with Tippu Sultan.
v. Due to differences with Tippu, he was imprisoned.
vi. The British released
him from the prison after the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War.
vii. He built a small army
and started his operations.
viii. He organized the army with the unhappy soldiers of Tippu’s
army and the feudatory rulers who had lost power.
ix. He captured Bidanoor
and Shivamogga forts and made unsuccessful attempt to capture Chitradurga fort.
x. Lord Wellesley tried to check this rebellion.
8. Explain the method adopted by Rayanna to fight the British.
Ans: i. Rayanna was a brave soldier. He fought for the
independence of Kittur and felt it was his duty to liberate his motherland.
ii. He fought against the
British and was imprisoned along with her. He was later released by the
British.
iii. He developed a sense
of nationalism and went on organizing an army. He organized secret meetings at
sensitive places.
iv. He aimed at looting the
treasury and taluk offices of the British. He had an army of five hundred men.
v. He became furious with the villagers who were assisting the
British army.
vi. The British devised a cunning strategy to capture Rayanna.
vii. He was declared as a main offender and was hanged to death at
Nandagadh in 1831.
9. Expalin the contributions of Puttabasappa of Kodagu in the freedom
struggle.
Ans: i. Swami Aparampura, Kalyanaswamy and Puttabasappa organized
a rebellion against British. All the three declared that they were part of the
Haleri dynasty that ruled Kodagu. Swami Aparampura assumed the leadership of
the rebellion.
ii. He was captured in 1834 and shifted to Bangalore. Similarly
Kalayanaswami was captured in 1837 and placed in Mysore prison. after the
capture of Kalyanaswamy. Sullia, Bellare and Puttur, the major places of Canara
region, were part of Amara Sullia. It is interesting to note that a farmer
named Puttabasappa, as Kalyanaswami.
iii. This Puttabasappa later presented himself as Swami
Aparampura. This also notes the fluid nature of the rebellion. Puttabasappa
took over the leadership of the rebellion.
iv. The rebels marched towards Mangalore through Panemangalore and
Bantwal. They looted the treasury and prison of Bantwal.
v. The British sought the army of Thalacheri, Cannanore and Bombay
to quell this uprising. On hearing this development, Puttabasappa and his
associated fled towards Sulya.
vi. The British captured them with the help of people in Kodagu.
Puttabasappa, Lakshmappa, Bangarasa, Kedambadi Ramayiah Gowda and Guddemane
Appaiah were hanged to death.
vii. Though the rebellion failed, it has an important place in the
history of rebellions against the British.
10.
Discuss the Surapura
rebellion in brief.
Ans: i. The British interfered in the affairs of Surapura. In 1842, they
appointed Meadows Taylor as their Resident and gained proxy power over
Surapura.
ii. The British government was observing the various developments of
Surapura. In 1857, it came to the notice of government that the representatives
of Nana Saheb were present in Surapura.
iii. The British appointed an officer named Campbell to report on the
various activities of the King. The officer submitted a report to the resident
of Hyderabad that the King is involved in maladministration. iv. Venkatappa
Nayaka is usually presented as the leader of 1857 revolt in Karnataka by the
historians. The British army captured Surapura in 1858.
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