SSLC NOTES : POLITICAL SCIENCE CHAPTER : 6: CHALLENGES OF INDIA ANDTHEIR REMEDIES

 

POLITICAL SCIENCE

Chapter-6

                   CHALLENGES OF INDIA ANDTHEIR REMEDIES

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1 Developing deep attachment with the place of living is called ______.(Regionalism)

2 Linguistic states have been created in __________ in India.(1956)

3 In Karnataka, there is __________ to curb corruption.(Lokayukta)

4 Population of India has crossed __________ crores as per 2011 census.(121)

5 Getting more profits from consumers is called as________.(Profiteering)

 

II. Discuss in groups and answer.

1 Communalism is harmful to national progress. How?

Ans: i. Communalism in India is a menace, which is capable to disrupt the very unity and integrity of our nation.

ii. Communalism propagates hate-philosophy among religious groups.

iii.  It leads to social unrest and even the ruin of life and property.

iv. Communalism spreads with unwarranted mutual accusation and physical combat among the religion groups.

 

2 Regionalism is against national development - Discuss.

Ans: i. Regionalism means the strong feeling of people in favour of the local area in which they live.

ii. A vast country like India naturally faces the problem of regional identities To certain reasonable limit, this regionalism is considered tolerable.

iii. It helps the people to take initiative for the all-round progress of the local areas. But, many a time this extreme regionalism harms national unity and interests.

iv.  If extreme regionalism among the states are allowed to continue, it will cause serious inter state-border disputes, river water disputes etc.

 

3 What are the measures to spread literacy ?

Ans: i. ‘Sarva Siksha Abhiyan’ has been launched in 2001 to provide free education for children of 6-14 years.

ii.  It provides education to girls, physically challenged and Priority for women awareness.

iii. In 1988National Literacy Mission’ has also been established by Government of India to make illiterates literates.

iv.  ‘Sakshara Bharath’ programme has been launched to eradicate illiteracy.

v. Recently through Article 21A of our Constitution education is made as fundamental right.

vi. Right to Education-2009 has been guaranteed. Compulsory free education has been implemented for the children between 6 and 14 years.

 

4 What are the suggestions to improve the position of women?

Ans: i. Government of Karnataka has implemented ‘Stree Shakti’ programme for the development of rural women.

ii. There is a programme of loan and subsidy for women self-employment. Mahila Mandalas , Yuvathi Mandalas , Stree Shakti Organisations, Self-help groups and Women Co-operatives help for the all round progress of women.

iii. Women Commission at national and State level have been constituted to enquire the cases of women and impart justice to them.

iv. There is an effort to have the Reservation for women from Panchayat to Parliament.

v.  In Karnataka already 33% reservation has been implemented for women in local governments.

vi. Even in government jobs women reservation has been provided.

 

5 Population is deemed as human resources - Explain.

Ans:i. Nowadays, we can even observe a trend of dirth of labourers for agriculture, unskilled and even skilled work.

ii. This leads to migration of workers from one place to another.

iii. Economic growth has to involve more and more human potentialities.

iv. So that the problem of over-population will be solved within a decade in India.

v. There are every possibilities that our human power can rightly be deemed as an asset and not as a liability with proper planning.

 

6 What are the plans to eradicate poverty? Explain.

Ans: i.BPL cards are issued to the poor families.

ii.Five year plans in India are directed to eradicate poverty and increase percapita income. Iii.Jawahar Rozgar yojana, Rural Employment Guarantee Programe, Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojanas are some of the schemes undertaken to reduce poverty.

iv.Ours is a country with vast natural as well as human resources.

v.Proper utilization of these resources on productive lines could reduce poverty in our country.

vi.Increase in production and proper distribution of wealth can be achieved by economic reforms.

 

7 What is meant by smuggling? What are your suggestions to control it?

Ans: Smuggling is illegal movement of goods across the borders.

i.Suitable modulations of domestic market. prices, proper export-import policy (Exim) strict coastal vigilance service, punitive measures, and inter-state trade agreements are the main remedies to check smuggling.

ii.Proper awareness among the citizens has to be created that smuggling is an anti-national and economically a crime.

iii.Social boycott of smuggled goods have an effect on checking smuggling.

 

8 “Profiteering brings loss both for producer and consumer”. How do you justify this statement.

Ans: i. Profiteering means the excess profits earning trend at the cost of general public or consumers.

ii.This refers to the gaining of huge money by easy method in business.

iii.This easy money corrupts society.

iv.It creates economic inequality and enhances poverty.

v.It even encourages crimes in society. In economic front profiteering is the result of unethical practices of trade.

vi.Continuous rise in prices results in inflation.

 

 

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